Capital gains (Cat G)

Securities and crypto

• Default rate 28% (separata)
• Englobamento — option for low income
• Crypto held > 365 days (from 2023): exempt
• Losses in separata: not carried forward
• Losses with englobamento: carry forward up to 5 years

Real estate

Gain = (Sale − Purchase×inflation_coeff − Costs) × 50%

• 50% exclusion — for residents and EU/EEA non-residents
• Exemption when reinvesting in main residence